21-February-2024-Special-Article

NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR SCHEDULED CASTES SUBMITS REPORT TO PRESIDENT OF INDIA

The National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) plays a crucial role in safeguarding the interests of Scheduled Castes (SCs) in India.

Recently, the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment submitted the NCSC’s Annual Report 2022-23 to the President of India.

This report contains recommendations on various issues related to the protection of Constitutional Safeguards of SCs, as mandated by Article 338 of the Constitution of India.

National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSCs):

The NCSC is a Constitutional Body established to provide safeguards against the exploitation of Scheduled Castes and promote their social, educational, economic, and cultural interests.

History:

• Initially, a Special Officer was appointed under Article 338 as the Commissioner for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
• The 65th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1990, replaced the single-member system with a multi-member National Commission for SCs and STs.
• The 89th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003, led to the establishment of separate Commissions for SCs and STs.

Composition:

• The NCSC comprises a Chairperson, a Vice-Chairperson, and three additional Members appointed by the President.
• Their conditions of service and tenure of office are determined by the President.

Functions:

• The NCSC is entrusted with several key functions, including:
• Investigating and monitoring matters relating to constitutional and legal safeguards for SCs.
• Inquiring into specific complaints concerning the deprivation of rights and safeguards of SCs.
• Advising on the planning process of socio-economic development for SCs and evaluating their progress.
• Presenting annual reports to the President on the working of constitutional safeguards for SCs.
• Making recommendations for effective implementation of safeguards and other measures for the welfare of SCs.

Power of NCSC:

• The Commission has the power to regulate its own procedure.
• It possesses the powers of a civil court while investigating any matter or inquiring into any complaint.
• Central and state governments are required to consult the Commission on major policy matters affecting SCs.

Other Constitutional Provisions for the Upliftment of SCs:

• Article 15: Prohibits discrimination based on caste and ensures the protection and upliftment of SCs.
• Article 17: Abolishes Untouchability and prohibits its practice in any form, promoting equality and dignity for all individuals.
• Article 46: Directs the State to promote the educational and economic interests of SCs and protect them from social injustice and exploitation.
• Article 243D (4) and Article 243T (4): Mandate reservation of seats for SCs in Panchayats and Municipalities, respectively, in proportion to their population.
• Article 330 and Article 332: Provide for reservation of seats in the Lok Sabha and legislative assemblies of States, respectively, in favor of SCs and STs.

Way Forward:

• Enhanced Autonomy: Providing the NCSC with greater autonomy can help it function more effectively.
• Increased Resources: Adequate resources are necessary to address the challenges faced by SC communities.
• Proactive Measures: The NCSC should take proactive steps to address systemic discrimination and ensure timely resolution of complaints.
• Strengthened Outreach: Collaborating with civil society organizations and strengthening outreach programs can enhance the Commission’s effectiveness in safeguarding the rights of SCs.

Mains Question:

1. Examine the constitutional provisions and functions of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) in India and discuss the critical role it plays in ensuring the socio-economic empowerment and protection of the rights of Scheduled Castes. (150 WORDS).