B.R. AMBEDKAR’S PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES AND CONTEMPORARY RELEVANCE

• Philosophical Perspectives of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

• Comparison of Gandhi and Ambedkar’s Philosophies

• Relevance of Ambedkar’s Ideas Today

• Conclusion

CARBON CREDIT TRADING SCHEME (CCTS), 2023

• What is the Carbon Credit Trading Scheme?

• Mechanisms of CCTS

• Sectors Covered

• Regulatory Oversight

• What is Carbon Pricing?

• Carbon Pricing Mechanisms

• Challenges in Implementing CCTS

• How India Can Strengthen CCTS

• Conclusion

INDIA-MAURITIUS RELATIONS

• Key Highlights of the Visit

• Historical Ties Between India and Mauritius

• Why is Mauritius Important for India?

• Why is India Important for Mauritius?

• Conclusion

GREAT NICOBAR ISLAND PROJECT

• What is Great Nicobar Island?

• Concerns Related to the Great Nicobar Island Project

• Importance of the Great Nicobar Project for India

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

DISTRICT DOMESTIC PRODUCT (DDP) ESTIMATION IN INDIA

• Current GDP Estimation Methodology

• Challenges in Implementing District-Level GDP Estimation

• Benefits of District-Level GDP Estimation

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

INDIA-US ENERGY TRADE AND INDIA’S ENERGY SECURITY

• Why is India Expanding Energy Trade with the US?

• Current State of India’s Energy Consumption

• India’s Strategies for Meeting Energy Needs

• Conclusion

INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY & WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

• International Women’s Day (IWD)

• Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action

• Current Status of Women in India

• Challenges to Women Empowerment

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

CONCERNS OVER CPSES’ CAPITAL EXPENDITURE STRATEGY

• Concerns Regarding CPSEs

• Key Facts About CPSEs

• Measures to Address CPSEs’ Concerns

• Conclusion

AVALANCHE IN THE HIMALAYAS

• What is an Avalanche?

• Types of Avalanches

• Causes of Avalanches

• Difference Between Avalanches and Landslides

• Why the Himalayas Are More Prone to Avalanches

• Karakoram Anomaly

• Measures to Mitigate Avalanche Risk

• Conclusion

INDIA’S TEXTILE INDUSTRY

• Key Highlights of the SC Ruling

• Government Initiatives

• Challenges Facing the Textile Industry

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

SUPREME COURT RULING ON DISABILITY RIGHTS IN JUDICIAL SERVICES

• Key Highlights of the SC Ruling

• Landmark Cases Related to Disability Rights

• Status of PwDs in India

• Challenges Faced by PwDs in India

• Government Initiatives for PwDs

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

OBESITY IN INDIA: A GROWING CONCERN

• About Obesity

• Obesity Statistics

• Health Risks Associated with Obesity

• Economic Impact of Obesity

• Causes of Rising Obesity

• Government Initiatives to Curb Obesity

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

AGRITOURISM IN HIMACHAL PRADESH

• Opportunities for Agritourism in HP

• What is Agritourism?

• Benefits of Agritourism

• Agritourism Initiatives in Other States

• Challenges in Agritourism

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

INDIA’S GROWING PRIVATE SPACE INDUSTRY

• Growth of India’s Private Space Industry

• Challenges in India’s Space Industry

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

INTERNET SHUTDOWNS

• Key Findings of the Report on Internet Shutdowns

• India’s Situation

• Global Scenario

• Legal Provisions for Internet Shutdowns in India

• Concerns Regarding Internet Shutdowns

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN INDIAN AGRICULTURE

• What is Project Farm Vibes (PFV)?

• Impact of Project Farm Vibes

• How AI is Transforming Indian Agriculture

• Challenges in AI Adoption in Agriculture

• The Way Forward

• Conclusion

JUDICIAL BACKLOG IN INDIA AND THE ROLE OF MEDIATION

• Causes of Judicial Backlog in India

• Role of Mediation in Reducing Judicial Backlog

• Legal Framework for Mediation in India

• How Mediation Helps Reduce the Court Backlog

• Challenges in Implementing Mediation in India

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

QUALITY OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURE (QPE) INDEX

• What is the Quality of Public Expenditure (QPE) Index?

• Key Indicators of the QPE Index

• Key Findings of the QPE Index

• About Public Expenditure

• Classification of Public Expenditure

• Recent Public Expenditure Trends

• Challenges in Public Expenditure

• Way Forward

INDIA’S INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPR) ECOSYSTEM

• Key Trends in India’s IPR Ecosystem

• Challenges in India’s Patent Ecosystem

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

WORLD DAY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE (WDSJ) 2025

• What is World Day of Social Justice?

• Role of the International Labour Organization (ILO)

• Social Justice in India

• Significance of Social Justice

• Constitutional Provisions for Social Justice in India

• Initiatives for Social Justice in India

• Conclusion

NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES (NCST)

• About NCST

• Challenges Faced by NCST

• Way Forward

SHEIKH TAMIM BIN HAMAD AL THANI’S VISIT TO INDIA

• Key Takeaways from the Visit

• Significance of Qatar for India

• India-Qatar Bilateral Relations

• Conclusion

APPOINTMENT OF CHIEF ELECTION COMMISSIONER UNDER THE 2023 ACT

• Key Features of the 2023 Act

• Selection Process

• Concerns About the 2023 Act

• Global Best Practices for Appointing Election Officials

• Suggested Reforms and Way Forward

• Conclusion

PRESIDENT’S RULE IN MANIPUR

• How President’s Rule Can Help in Manipur

• What is President’s Rule?

• Parliamentary Approval and Duration

• Impacts of President’s Rule

• Supreme Court’s Stand on President’s Rule

• Recommendations for Use of Article 356

• Conclusion

INDIA AS A BRIDGE BETWEEN THE GLOBAL NORTH AND SOUTH

• Bridging the North-South Divide

• India’s Historical and Strategic Role in the Global South

• Key Initiatives and Diplomatic Actions

• Challenges in India’s Global South Leadership

• Recommendations for Enhancing India’s Role as a Global Development Partner

• Conclusion

MARITAL RAPE IN INDIA: LEGAL STATUS AND DEBATE

• Legal Position on Marital Rape in India

• Judicial Views on Unnatural Sex

• Arguments For and Against Criminalization of Marital Rape

• Marital Rape Laws Across the World

• Suggested Measures to Address Marital Rape in India

• Conclusion

LIFETIME BAN ON CONVICTED POLITICIANS: A DEBATE ON ELECTORAL REFORMS

• Legal Provisions and Supreme Court Judgments Related to Convicted Politicians

• Extent of Criminalization in Indian Politics

• Arguments in Favor of a Lifetime Ban on Convicted Politicians

• Arguments Against a Lifetime Ban on Convicted Politicians

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

ONLINE CHILD ABUSE

• Key Findings of the Study

• Causes of Rising Online Child Abuse

• India’s Efforts to Address Online Child Abuse

• Measures to Prevent Online Child Abuse

• Conclusion

INDIA-UK RELATIONS

• Recent Developments in India-UK Relations

• How the UK Can Strengthen India’s Defence Sector

• How the UK Can Support India’s Green Transition

• Key Aspects of India-UK Bilateral Relations

• Conclusion

INDIA-SRI LANKA FISHING DISPUTE

• Key Issues in the Fishing Dispute

• International Laws on Fishing Rights

• Geographical Importance of Palk Bay

• Implications of the India-Sri Lanka Fishing Conflict

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

SUPREME COURT’S DIRECTIVE ON INDIAN KABADDI TEAM PARTICIPATION IN ASIAN KABADDI CHAMPIONSHIP 2025

• Why was AKFI Suspended by IKF?

• Reasons for Suspension

• Supreme Court’s Orders

• Concerns of the Supreme Court on Sports Administration

• About the National Sports Code of India 2011

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

REPO RATE CUT BY RBI: REASONS AND IMPLICATIONS

• Reasons for the Repo Rate Cut

• About Repo Rate

• Background: India’s 4% Inflation Target

• Conclusion

PROMOTION OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA

• Key Government Initiatives for Agricultural Promotion

• Skill Development Initiatives

• Challenges in Indian Agriculture

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

INDIA’S DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE GROWTH AND INDIAAI MISSION

• Key Achievements in India’s Digital Growth

• IndiaAI Mission: Transforming AI Development

UNION BUDGET 2025-26: KEY HEALTH SECTOR INITIATIVES

• Key Measures to Promote Health

• Economic Survey 2024-25 Recommendations on UPFs

• Daycare Cancer Centers: Significance and Challenges

• Conclusion

INDIA’S INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

• Key Announcements in Budget 2025-26

• Current Status of Infrastructure in India

• What is Infrastructure?

• Key Government Initiatives for Infrastructure

• Conclusion

GENDER BUDGET STATEMENT (GBS) 2025-26

• Key Highlights of GBS 2025-26

• Gender Budgeting in India

• Need for Gender Budgeting

• Implementation of Gender Budgeting in India

• Mission Shakti Initiative

• Challenges in Gender Budgeting

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

INDIA-BHUTAN RELATIONS

• Key Outcomes of the Bhutan King’s Visit to India

• About Subnational Diplomacy

• Benefits of Subnational Diplomacy

• Challenges of Subnational Diplomacy

• How Assam Can Strengthen India-Bhutan Ties Through Subnational Diplomacy

• Conclusion

CONTRACT FARMING IN INDIA

• What is Contract Farming?

• Advantages of Contract Farming

• Challenges of Contract Farming

• Policy Framework on Contract Farming

• Potato Production in India

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

ONE NATION, ONE TIME

• Key Features of the Legal Metrology (IST) Rules, 2025

• Indian Standard Time (IST)

• Benefits of One Nation, One Time

• CSIR-National Physical Laboratory (NPL)

• Challenges in Implementing One Nation, One Time

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

ANNUAL STATUS OF EDUCATION REPORT (ASER) 2024

• Purpose and focus of ASER Survey

• Key Findings of ASER 2024

• Challenges in Elementary Education

• Government Initiatives to Address Educational Challenges

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

INDIA-INDONESIA TIES

• Key Highlights of India-Indonesia Relations

• Evolution of India-Indonesia Relations

• Strategic Significance of Indonesia to India

• Conclusion

FISCAL CONSOLIDATION IN INDIA

• What is Fiscal Consolidation?

• Significance of Fiscal Consolidation

• Impact of Fiscal Consolidation on Economic Stability and Growth

• About FRBM Act, 2003

• Challenges in India’s Fiscal Consolidation
  

• Way Forward

DEATH PENALTY AND SENTENCING GUIDELINES IN INDIA

• Aggravating and Mitigating Factors

• Evolution of Aggravating and Mitigating Factors Post-Bachan Singh Case

• Legal Framework of the Death Penalty in India

• Key Supreme Court Judgments on the Death Penalty

• Law Commission Reports on Capital Punishment

• Global Perspective on the Death Penalty

• Conclusion

INDUS WATERS TREATY DISPUTES AND CHALLENGES

• Key Disputes Regarding the Indus Waters Treaty      

• About the Indus Waters Treaty

• Challenges Associated with the Indus Waters Treaty

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

SENIOR CITIZENS IN INDIA

• Status of Senior Citizens in India       

• Challenges Faced by Senior Citizens

• Demographic Transition

• Government Initiatives for Senior Citizens

• Way Forward

INDIAN CITIZENSHIP FOR SRI LANKAN TAMIL REFUGEES

• Background of Sri Lankan Tamil Refugees            

• Challenges Faced by Sri Lankan Tamil Refugees in India

• Current Legal Provisions for Citizenship in India

• Statelessness and Its Challenges

• India’s Approach to Refugees

• Recommendations for Resolving Refugee Issues

• Conclusion

BUDDHIST RELIC DISCOVERY

• Odisha’s Contribution to the Spread of Buddhism                 

• Nalanda University: A Beacon of Buddhist Learning

• Key Buddhist Sects in Odisha

• Spread of Buddhism to Southeast Asia

• Global Spread of Buddhism

• Important Buddhist Sites in India

• Conclusion

INDIA’S RUBBER INDUSTRY

• Recent Initiatives in India’s Rubber Industry                           

• European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR)

• Key Facts About Rubber

• National Rubber Policy (NRP) 2019

• Steps to Enhance Rubber Production in India

• Conclusion

UNICEF REPORT ON CHALLENGES FACED BY CHILDREN

• Key Highlights of the UNICEF Report                            

• Key Facts About UNICEF

• UNICEF’s Work in India

• Challenges Faced by Children in India

• India’s Child Welfare Initiatives

• Way Forward

WARMEST YEAR ON RECORD

• Key Findings by WMO

• Why is India Warming Slower?

• Global Warming-Related Findings

• Consequences of Rising Temperatures

• Enhancing India’s Climate Response

• About the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

• Way Forward

PRIVATISATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES (DISCOMS)

• Why is there a Need for Privatisation of Power DISCOMs?

• Challenges of Privatisation of DISCOMs

• Government Steps to Support State DISCOMs

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

SAME-SEX MARRIAGE AND ITS LEGAL CONTEXT IN INDIA

• Supreme Court’s Judgment (2023)

• Global Recognition of Same-Sex Marriage

• The Special Marriage Act (SMA), 1954

• Arguments in Favor of Same-Sex Marriage

• Arguments Against Same-Sex Marriage

• LGBTQIA+ Rights in India

• Way Forward

INDIA-AFGHANISTAN RELATIONS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

• Key Outcomes of the Talks

• Key Findings of HCES 2023-24

• Factors Influencing the Recent Talks

• India-Taliban Relations: A Historical Overview

• Before Afghanistan Takeover (Pre-August 2021)

• After Afghanistan Takeover (Post-August 2021)

• Importance of Afghanistan for India

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

GREEN GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GREEN GDP) AND ITS IMPORTANCE

• What is Green GDP?

• Chhattisgarh’s Green GDP Initiative

• How Does Green GDP Promote Sustainable Development?

• Global Practices of Green GDP

• Challenges of the Green GDP Framework

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE SURVEY (HCES) 2023-24

• What is the Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (HCES)?

• Key Findings of HCES 2023-24

• Implications of HCES Findings for Policy-Making

• Conclusion

ARTESIAN WELL

• What is an Artesian Well?

• Features of Artesian Wells in Rajasthan

• About the Tethys Sea

• Other Examples of Natural Water Gushing

• Saraswati River: Myths and Historical References

• Conclusion

WHAT IS A THORIUM REACTOR: NEXT-GENERATION NUCLEAR POWER

• What is ANEEL?

• What is HALEU?

• Benefits of ANEEL Fuel

• Thorium: An Important Resource

• Thorium-Based Nuclear Reactors

• Advantages of Thorium-Based Reactors

• Challenges in Thorium Reactors

• India’s Three-Stage Nuclear Power Program

• The Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR):

• Conclusion

DEFENCE MINISTRY DECLARES 2025 AS ‘YEAR OF REFORMS

• Key Focus Areas for ‘Year of Reforms’ in 2025

• Current Status of India’s Defence Forces

• Why Defence Reforms are Necessary

• Government Initiatives for Defence Reforms

• Lessons from Goldwater-Nichols Reforms in the USA

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

INDIA’S RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY ROADMAP 2030

• What is Renewable Energy?

• India’s Renewable Energy Status

• India’s Potential for Renewable Energy

• Challenges in Expanding Renewable Energy in India

• India’s Initiatives to Boost Renewable Energy

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

QUAD MARKS 20 YEARS OF COOPERATION: INDIA SET TO HOST KEY SUMMIT IN 2025

• What is the Quad?

• Formation and Evolution of the Quad

• Key Features of the Quad

• Major Quad Initiatives

• Significance of the Quad for India

• Relevance of the Quad in the Current Global Context

• Challenges to the Quad

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

TRANSFORMATIVE CHANGE FOR BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

• Key Highlights of the Transformative Change Report

• Strategies for Transformation

• What is IPBES?

• About Transformative Change

• India’s Efforts Toward Transformative Change

• Role of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Transformative Change

• Conclusion

INDIA-AUSTRALIA ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND TRADE AGREEMENT (IND-AUS ECTA)

• What is the Ind-Aus ECTA?

• Key Features of the Ind-Aus ECTA

• Evolution of Bilateral Trade Under Ind-Aus ECTA

• Future Vision for India-Australia Economic Relations

• Other Trade Agreements Between India and Australia

• Challenges in India-Australia Trade

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

RBI’S TRENDS AND PROGRESS OF BANKING REPORT 2023-24

• Key Highlights of the Report

• RBI’s Recommendations

• Key Financial Terms

• Impact of Rising Unsecured Loans on India’s Economy

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

STAMPEDE MANAGEMENT AND SAFETY MEASURES

• What is a Stampede?

• Causes and Impact of Stampedes

• Impacts of Stampedes

• Deadly Stampedes in India

• NDMA Guidelines for Controlling Stampedes

• About the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

EAC-PM REPORT ON DOMESTIC MIGRATION

• Key Highlights of the EAC-PM Report

• Reasons for Declining Migration

• Implications of Reduced Domestic Migration

• India’s Initiatives for Migrant Welfare

• About the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (EAC-PM)

• Conclusion

PRADHAN MANTRI SHRAM YOGI MAANDHAN YOJANA (PM-SMY)

• Key Features of PM-SMY

• Observations of the Parliamentary Standing Committee

• Recommendations for Improvement

• About Parliamentary Committees

• Profile of Unorganised Workers

• Initiatives for Unorganised Workers

• Conclusion

RECENT VISIT OF SRI LANKAN PRESIDENT TO INDIA

• Highlights of the Visit

• Key Areas of India-Sri Lanka Cooperation

• Challenges in India-Sri Lanka Relations

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

INDIA-KUWAIT STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP

• Highlights of PM Modi’s Visit to Kuwait

• India-Kuwait Relations: An Overview

• Importance of Kuwait in India’s West Asia Policy

• About the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

SAFE ACCOMMODATION FOR INDUSTRIAL WORKERS: A KEY TO MANUFACTURING GROWTH

• What is SAFE Accommodation?

• Role of SAFE Accommodation in Manufacturing Growth

• Global Examples of Worker Housing

• Challenges in Scaling Up Worker Accommodation

• Proposed Solutions

• Conclusion

RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE PARLIAMENTARY STANDING COMMITTEE ON FARMERS’ WELFARE

• Key Recommendations of the PSC Report

• Significance of PSC’s Recommendations

• Challenges Facing Farmers

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

CHALLENGES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MGNREGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR REFORM

• Challenges in Implementation

• Recommendations for Reform

• Key Insights

• About the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Rural Development & Panchayati Raj

• Conclusion

DOMICILE-BASED RESERVATIONS IN PRIVATE SECTOR JOBS

• Three-Pronged Strategy to Eliminate Maoist Insurgency

• Key Developments: Jharkhand High Court’s Decision

• Domicile-Based Reservation Laws in Other States

• Why Do States Introduce Domicile-Based Reservation Laws?

• About Domicile Reservation

• Challenges of Domicile-Based Reservations

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

MAOIST INSURGENCY IN INDIA: STRATEGIES AND CHALLENGES

• Three-Pronged Strategy to Eliminate Maoist Insurgency

• About Maoism

• Recent Achievements in Combating Maoist Insurgency

• Challenges in Eliminating Maoist Insurgency

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

MISUSE OF INDIAN LAWS: CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD

• Indian Laws and Alleged Misuse

• Impact of False Accusations and Legal Harassment

• Judicial Observations on Law Misuse

• Steps Towards Gender Neutrality in Indian Laws

• Redressal Mechanisms for False Allegations

• Conclusion

CHALLENGES IN THE FUNCTIONING OF PARLIAMENT IN INDIA

• Challenges in the Functioning of Parliament

• Steps Taken to Improve Parliamentary Functioning

• How to Improve the Productivity of Parliament

• Conclusion

DECLINE IN DAP SALES AND RISING USE OF NPKS FERTILIZERS

• Factors Influencing the Shift in Fertilizer Usage

• Benefits of Using NPKS Fertilizers

• Types of Chemical Fertilizers Used in Agriculture

• Government Initiatives for Fertilizer Management

• Challenges with Fertilizer Usage in India

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF SPACE EXPLORATION: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

• How Space Activities Impact the Environment

• Barriers to Sustainable Space Exploration

• India’s Efforts Towards Space Sustainability

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

DISPUTE OVER CESSES AND SURCHARGES A COMPLICATED ISSUE: ARVIND PANAGARIYA

• What are Cess and Surcharge?

• Differences Between Cess and Surcharge

• Concerns Regarding Cess and Surcharges

• International Practices on Cess and Surcharges

• Suggestions to Address Concerns

• Conclusion

THE NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL (NGT) AND HIMALAYAN GLACIAL LAKES: A CONCERN FOR CLIMATE AND COMMUNITIES

• What are Glacial Lakes?

• Causes of Glacial Lake Expansion

• What are Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs)?

• Notable GLOF Events in India

• Concerns About Rapid Glacial Lake Expansion

• Mitigation Strategies for Glacial Lake Risks

• Conclusion

INDIA-JAPAN FORUM 2024

• Key Highlights of the India-Japan Forum 2024

• Key Insights into the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad)

• Conclusion

THE NINETYEAST RIDGE AND ITS FORMATION

• Key Findings of the Study

• About the Ninetyeast Ridge

• Geological Significance of Hotspots

• Impact of Hotspots on Tectonic Plates and Natural Disasters

• Conclusion

MINING REGULATIONS IN INDIA

• Key Updates on Mining Regulations

• Supreme Court Rulings on Mining Regulations

• Implications of Including Non-Mineralized Areas in Leases

• Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957

• Impact of Recent Changes on Mining Practices

• Conclusion

UNVEILING THE 80-PILLAR ASSEMBLY HALL AT KUMHRAR, PATNA

• About the 80-Pillar Assembly Hall

• Highlights of Mauryan Art and Architecture

• Popular Art Contributions

• Role of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)

• Significance of Uncovering Kumhrar

GLOBAL DEBT CRISIS: INSIGHTS FROM INTERNATIONAL DEBT REPORT 2024

• Key Findings of the International Debt Report 2024

• Global Debt Crisis: UNCTAD Report Highlights

• Global Debt: Definitions and Types

• Measures to Address the Debt Crisis

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

CONDUCTING PARLIAMENTARY SESSIONS OUTSIDE DELHI: A DEBATE

• Historical Context

• Constitutional Provision

• Arguments in Favor of Holding Sessions Outside Delhi

• Challenges in Conducting Sessions Outside Delhi

• Global Examples of Multiple Capitals

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

SPACE DEBRIS – GROWING PROBLEM

• What is Low Earth Orbit (LEO)?

• Importance of LEO

• Threats Posed by Space Debris

• Initiatives to Address Space Debris

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

THE PLACES OF WORSHIP (SPECIAL PROVISIONS) ACT, 1991

• Shahi Jama Masjid Dispute

• Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991

• Concerns Regarding the Act

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

DEVELOPMENT OF ICONIC TOURIST CENTRES TO GLOBAL SCALE UNDER SASCI

• What is the SASCI Development of Iconic Tourist Centres Scheme?

• About SASCI Scheme

• Impact of SASCI on Tourism

• Key Indian Initiatives

• Conclusion

EMPOWERING WOMEN IN GOVERNANCE: CHALLENGES AND REFORMS

• Challenges Faced by Women in Governance

• Role of Women in Governance

• Women’s Representation in Governance

• Government Initiatives to Empower Women

• Way Forward

ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINES (EVMS) AND VOTER VERIFIABLE PAPER AUDIT TRAIL (VVPAT)

• What is the Controversy Surrounding EVMs?

• About EVMs and VVPATs

• Evolution of EVMs in India

• Safeguards Ensuring EVM Integrity

• Advantages of EVM-VVPAT Over Ballot Papers

• Challenges and Concerns

• Conclusion

INDIA SIGNS THE FINAL ACT OF THE RIYADH DESIGN LAW TREATY

• India’s Position in Intellectual Property (IP)

• What is the Design Law Treaty (DLT)?

• About Industrial Design

• Industrial Design in India

• Judicial Cases in India

• Conclusion

26/11 MUMBAI ATTACKS

• Security Challenges Exposed During 26/11

• Key Reforms Implemented After 26/11

• Persistent Challenges in Coastal Security

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

COP29 AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE

• Key Highlights of COP29

• India’s Stance at COP29

• Why COP29 Matters for India

• Evolution of India’s Role in Climate Governance

• Conclusion

GLOBAL SOIL CONFERENCE (GSC) 2024: ENHANCING SOIL HEALTH FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

• What is the Global Soil Conference 2024?

• Concerns Regarding Soil Health in India

• About Soil Profile

• Strategies to Improve Soil Health

• Conclusion

G20 RIO DE JANEIRO SUMMIT

• Highlights of G20 Rio de Janeiro Leaders’ Declaration

• About Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)

• India’s Achievements Highlighted in the G20 Rio Declaration

• Importance of G20 in the Global Order

• Conclusion

RETAIL INFLATION IN OCTOBER TOUCHES 6.21%, CROSSES RBI TOLERANCE CEILING OF 6%

• Factors Contributing to High Retail Inflation in India

• Implications of High Retail Inflation on RBI’s Monetary Policy

• Government and RBI’s Inflation Management Framework

• Key Inflation Indicators

• Conclusion

INDIGENOUS CULTURAL HERITAGE AND TRIBAL DEVELOPMENT: BALANCING TRADITION WITH MODERN GOVERNANCE

• What is Haka?

• Treaty Principles Bill and Haka Protest

• Approaches to Tribal Development Policy

• India’s Tribal Development Policies

• Challenges in Balancing Cultural Preservation and Development

• Conclusion

ALL-INDIA SERVICES (CONDUCT) RULES, 1968

• What are the All-India Services (Conduct) Rules, 1968?

• Key Standards Defined

• Challenges with the AIS Rules, 1968

• Role of Civil Services in Democracy

• Relevant Provisions of Article 311

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

ANDHRA PRADESH’S NATURAL FARMING MODEL: A FUTURE OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

• What is Natural Farming?

• Zero-Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) in Andhra Pradesh

• Benefits of Natural Farming

• Challenges in Implementing Natural Farming

• Initiatives Promoting Natural Farming

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

• Mains Question

GUJARAT’S DINOSAUR FOSSIL PARK AND THE UNESCO GEOPARK TAG

• Key Features of Gujarat’s Dinosaur Fossil Park

• Historical Background of Dinosaurs in India

• UNESCO Global Geoparks: An Overview

• Key Facts About Dinosaurs

• Why the UNESCO Tag Matters for Gujarat’s Dinosaur Fossil Park

• Conclusion

SUSTAINABILITY IN INDIA’S AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

• What Does Sustainability in Agriculture Mean?

• Key Sustainability Concerns in India’s Agriculture

• Addressing Sustainability Challenges

• Conclusion

OECD’S AGRICULTURAL POLICY MONITORING REPORT

• Key Highlights of the OECD Report

• Agricultural Support in India

• Indian Agricultural Policies and Farmer Impact

• India’s Key Agricultural Initiatives

• Way Forward

THE INTER-STATE COUNCIL: A TOOL FOR STRENGTHENING COOPERATIVE FEDERALISM IN INDIA

• Establishment and Background

• Functions of the Inter-State Council

• Composition of the Council

• Standing Committee of the ISC

• Other Key Centre-State and Inter-State Bodies

• Challenges Facing the Inter-State Council

• Reforms Needed for an Effective Inter-State Council

• Conclusion

NANO-COATED FERTILISERS

• About Nano Fertilisers

• Composition of Nano Fertilisers

• Types of Nano Fertilisers

• Applications in Agriculture

• Advantages of Nano Fertilisers

• Challenges in Using Nano Fertilisers

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

ON IMPROVING WIND ENERGY GENERATION

• Key Features of the Tamil Nadu Policy

• Challenges in Repowering and Refurbishing Turbines

• India’s Renewable Energy Targets

• Key Government Initiatives

• Way Forward

IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES (SIDS)

• How Climate Change Affects SIDS

• Major Initiatives to Support SIDS

• Why Developed Countries Need to Provide Financial Support

• Conclusion

SUPREME COURT VERDICT IN PROPERTY OWNERS’ ASSOCIATION V. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA (2024)

• Key Highlights of the Supreme Court Verdict

• Constitutional Provisions Related to Right to Property

• Judicial Interpretations Related to Right to Property

• Significance of the SC Judgment

• Impact of State Control over Property

• Conclusion

FIRST ADVANCE ESTIMATES FOR KHARIF CROP PRODUCTION 2024-25: HIGHLIGHTS AND INITIATIVES

• Key Highlights of Kharif Crop Production Estimates

• Digital Agriculture Mission (DAM): Transforming Indian Agriculture

RURAL WAGE STAGNATION IN INDIA

• Current State of Rural Wages

• Reasons for Rural Wage Stagnation

• Implications of Rural Wage Stagnation

• Solutions to Address Rural Wage Stagnation

• Conclusion

COAL INDIA LIMITED (CIL)

• Key Facts about Coal India Limited (CIL)

• Historical Background of Coal Mining in India

• Current Coal Production and Imports in India

• Classification of Coal

• Economic Significance of Coal in India

• Challenges Faced by India’s Coal Sector

• Addressing Challenges in India’s Coal Sector

ASIA-PACIFIC CLIMATE REPORT 2024

• Asia-Pacific Climate Report 2024

• Effects on Forests and Ecosystems

• Impact of Climate Change on Natural Disasters

• Steps Needed for Climate Improvement

• About the Asian Development Bank (ADB)

• Conclusion

WMO’S GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG) BULLETIN 2023

• Greenhouse Gases (GHGs)

• Key Findings of the 2023 GHG Bulletin

• Climate Concerns Highlighted

• Policy and Global Initiatives

• About the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

• Key Global and Indian Initiatives to Reduce GHGs

• Conclusion

ISRO AND DBT COLLABORATION FOR SPACE EXPERIMENTS

• Reasons for ISRO and DBT Collaboration

• Potential Experiments

• About Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS)

• Comparison with Other Space Stations

• Recent Developments in India’s Space Sector

• Conclusion

INDIA-GERMANY INTERGOVERNMENTAL CONSULTATIONS

• Key Highlights of the Meeting

• Importance of India-Germany Relations

• Challenges in India-Germany Relations

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

ELECTORAL FREEBIES IN INDIA

• What Are Freebies?

• Differences Between Freebies and Welfare Policies

• Positive Aspects of Freebies

• Negative Aspects of Freebies

• Ethical Perspectives on Freebies

• The Way Forward

• Conclusion

INDIA AND THE UNITED NATIONS: A FOCUS ON UN DAY

• What is the UN Charter?

• Main Organs of the UN

• Challenges Facing the UN

• Proposals for UN Reform

• Conclusion

BRICS 16TH SUMMIT IN KAZAN, RUSSIA

• New BRICS Members

• Topics Discussed at the Summit

• New Initiatives and Agreements

• Environmental Conservation Focus

• India-China Bilateral Meeting

• About BRICS

• Challenges Facing BRICS

• Path Forward for BRICS

• Conclusion

KRISHNADEVARAYA AND THE VIJAYANAGARA EMPIRE

• King Krishnadevaraya

• About the Vijayanagara Empire

• Tensions with Northern Sultanates and the Mughals

• Conclusion

GLOBAL HUNGER INDEX (GHI) 2024 AND INDIA’S POSITION

• What is the Global Hunger Index (GHI)?

• Four Key Indicators of GHI

• Key Findings from GHI 2024

• India’s Response to GHI 2024

• Government Initiatives to Combat Hunger

• Challenges Related to Hunger in India

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

INDIA’S NOBEL PRIZE PERFORMANCE IN SCIENCES

• Reasons for India’s Poor Performance in Science Nobel Prizes

• Indian-Origin Scientists Who Won Nobel Prizes in Sciences

• Government Initiatives to Promote Research

• Strategies for Improving India’s Performance in Nobel Prizes

MADRASAS IN INDIA AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

• What is a Madrasa?

• Recent Developments Related to Madrasas in Uttar Pradesh

• Uttar Pradesh Board of Madarsa Education Act, 2004

• Current State of Madrasas in India

• Types of Madrasas in India

• Educational Structure and Curriculum

• Government Initiatives to Enhance Education

• Future Directions for Madrasas

GREENWASHING AND CONSUMER PROTECTION

• What is Greenwashing?

• CCPA’s Role and Functions

• About Greenwashing Guidelines

• Factors Driving Greenwashing in India

• International Efforts Against Greenwashing

• Way Forward

INDIA-PAKISTAN RELATIONS: POSITIVE DEVELOPMENTS AT THE SCO SUMMIT

• What is the SCO Council of Heads of Government?

• Positive Developments Between India and Pakistan at the SCO Summit

• Why Positive Developments are Important

• How Multilateral Forums like SCO Can Help India and Pakistan

• Conclusion

INDIA’S BIODIVERSITY TARGETS AND THE KUNMING-MONTREAL GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY FRAMEWORK (KMGBF)

• India’s Biodiversity Targets

• The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF)

• Strategies for Achieving Biodiversity Goals

• Conclusion

SATI SYSTEM

• About Punishments under the Commission of Sati (Prevention) Act, 1987

• What is the Sati System?

• Efforts to Abolish Sati

• Other Legal Reforms for Women’s Rights

• Raja Rammohan Roy’s Role in the Abolition of Sati

• Conclusion

BASE YEAR REVISION OF INDIA’S GDP

• What is the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)?

• Previous Base Year Revision Controversies

• What is a Base Year?

• Why Revise the Base Year?

• History of Base Year Revisions in India

• Considerations for the New Base Year

• Challenges in Revising the Base Year

• Conclusion

INDIA’S CONCERNS OVER THE EUROPEAN UNION’S CBAM AND EUDR

• What is the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)?

• Key Features of CBAM

• What is the European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR)?

• Key Objectives of EUDR

• Concerns Over CBAM and EUDR from India’s Perspective

• Way Forward for India

• Conclusion

NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 2024

• John J. Hopfield’s Contribution

• Geoffrey E. Hinton’s Contribution

• Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)

• Machine Learning (ML)

• Difference Between AI, ML, and Deep Learning:

• Conclusion

NATIONAL HEALTH ACCOUNTS (NHA) ESTIMATES

• Key Findings of NHA Estimates

• National Health Accounts Methodology

• Government Initiatives

• Conclusion

RATIONALISATION OF CENTRALLY SPONSORED SCHEMES AND LAUNCH OF NATIONAL MISSION ON EDIBLE OILS-OILSEEDS: KEY HIGHLIGHTS

• Key Facts Regarding the Rationalisation of Schemes

• About National Mission on Edible Oils-Oilseeds (NMEO-Oilseeds)

• Key Focus Areas

• Measures to Promote Oilseed Production

• Conclusion

CLASSICAL LANGUAGES OF INDIA

• About Classical Languages

• Significance

• Criteria for Recognition as Classical Language

• Benefits of Classical Language Status

• Provisions to Promote Indian Languages

• Other Efforts to Promote Languages

• Conclusion

SOCIAL MEDIA REGULATIONS FOR CHILDREN: GLOBAL INITIATIVES

• Regulatory Efforts in India

• Global Regulatory Efforts

• State of Digital Literacy in India

• Reasons for Regulating Social Media Usage for Children

• Challenges Against Banning Social Media for Children

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

MODIFIED PARBATI-KALISINDH-CHAMBAL EASTERN RAJASTHAN CANAL PROJECT (PKC-ERCP)

• About Modified PKC-ERCP

• Challenges and Considerations

• Components Involved

• Benefits of the Project

• Conclusion

INTERNATIONAL DAY OF AWARENESS OF FOOD LOSS AND WASTE (IDAFLW) 2023: IMPORTANCE FOR FOOD SECURITY AND ENVIRONMENT

• Key Terms

• The International Day of Awareness of Food Loss and Waste (IDAFLW)

• Implications of Food Loss and Waste (FLW)

• Concerns Related to Greenhushing

• Food Loss and Waste in India

• Importance of Reducing FLW in India

   

• India’s Initiatives to Combat FLW
  
• Solutions to Reduce FLW

• Conclusion

GREENHUSHING: A GROWING TREND IN CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY COMMUNICATION

• What is Greenhushing?

• Reasons Why Firms Engage in Greenhushing

• Why Firms Still Seek Carbon Neutral Certification

• Concerns Related to Greenhushing

• Addressing Greenhushing

• Conclusion

REGULATIONS REGARDING THE USE OF CBI IN STATE INVESTIGATIONS

• Recent Supreme Court Criticism of Calcutta HC

• Judicial Guidelines on CBI Investigations

• Relevant Supreme Court Judgments

• How the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Functions

• Regulations Governing the CBI’s Operations in States

• Conclusion

INDIA’S PROPOSALS ON FISHERIES SUBSIDIES AT THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO)

• Fisheries Subsidies Agreement (FSA)

• Transition Period for Developing Nations and LDCs

• Exemptions under the Agreement

• Benefits of the Fisheries Subsidies Agreement

• Concerns Regarding the Fisheries Subsidies Agreement

• Global Fisheries Scenario

• India’s Stand on the Fisheries Subsidies Agreement

• Government Initiatives for Fisheries in India

• Way Forward

SHIPBUILDING MISSION

• Key Features of the Proposed Shipbuilding Mission

• Recent Developments in India’s Maritime Sector

• About Shipbuilding Industry

• Conclusion

WITNESS PROTECTION SCHEME, 2018

• Features of the Witness Protection Scheme, 2018

• Definition of a Witness

• Categories of Witnesses

• Aims and Objectives of the Scheme

• Types of Protection Measures

• Challenges with the Witness Protection Scheme

• The Need for a Dedicated Witness Protection Law

• Conclusion

METHANE EMISSIONS AND THEIR IMPACT ON CLIMATE CHANGE

• The Climate Impact of Methane Emissions

• Major Sources of Methane Emissions

• Global Initiatives to Curb Methane Emissions

• Why India Chose Not to Sign the Global Methane Pledge

• India’s Efforts to Reduce Methane Emissions

• Conclusion

6TH QUAD SUMMIT

• Key Highlights of the 6th Quad Summit

• Quad Principles for Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)

• Conclusion

WHITE REVOLUTION 2.0: EMPOWERING INDIA’S DAIRY SECTOR

• Key Objectives of White Revolution 2.0

• Margdarshika (SOPs) for White Revolution 2.0

• Current Status of India’s Dairy Sector

• Need for White Revolution 2.0

• Steps to Boost Milk Production under White Revolution 2.0

• Related Schemes Supporting the Dairy Sector

• Conclusion

FATF MUTUAL EVALUATION REPORT ON INDIA (2023)

• Key Highlights of the FATF Mutual Evaluation Report

• Implications of FATF’s Mutual Evaluation for India

• Conclusion

NEWLY APPROVED SPACE PROJECTS

• Newly Approved Space Projects

• Chandrayaan-4

• Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM)

• Bhartiya Antriksh Station (BAS)

• Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV)

• Benefits of India’s Own Space Station

• Challenges in Developing and Operating a Space Station

• Global Space Station Examples

• Conclusion

ROLE OF FOOD BANKS IN ADDRESSING FOOD WASTE AND MITIGATING CLIMATE CHANGE

• Food Banks: Definition and Role

• Impact of Food Banks on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

• Enhancing Food Security

• Current State of Food Waste

• Environmental Impacts of Food Wastage

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

INDIA-CHINA BORDER DISENGAGEMENT ALONG THE LAC: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

• Recent Developments on India-China Disengagement

• Challenges in the Disengagement Process

• Strategic Importance of Depsang Plains and Demchok

• Areas in the India-China Standoff

• Reasons Behind China’s Aggression Along the LAC

• Managing the Border Dispute: Possible Solutions

• Conclusion

EMERGENCY PROVISIONS IMPACT CENTRE-STATE RELATIONS

• Emergency Provisions for Centre to Protect States

• Emergency Provision Application in Manipur

• Judicial Perspectives on Articles 355 and 356

• Recommendations for Article 355 and Article 356

• Difference Between President’s Rule and National Emergency

• Conclusion

DELHI’S WINTER ACTION PLAN

• Features of Delhi’s Winter Action Plan

• Main Causes of Winter Air Pollution in Delhi

• Government Initiatives

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

PREVENTIVE DETENTION IN INDIA

• New Standards for Preventive Detention Set by Supreme Court (SC)

• Constitutional Safeguards

• Article 22

• Legislative Powers on Preventive Detention

• Amendments

• Criticism

• Judicial Decisions Related to Preventive Detention

• Conclusion

RESTATEMENT OF VALUES OF JUDICIAL LIFE

• Restatement of Values of Judicial Life

• Key Features of the Restatement of Values of Judicial Life:

• Bangalore Principles of Judicial Conduct

• 1985 UN Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary

• Core Values of the Bangalore Principles

• Philosophical Significance of the Gateways

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

SANCHI STUPA AND THE REPLICA OF THE EAST GATE IN GERMANY

• Replica of the East Gate in Berlin

• About Sanchi Stupa

• Architectural Elements of Sanchi Stupa

• UNESCO Recognition

• Philosophical Significance of the Gateways

• Conclusion

TAPI PIPELINE: BOOSTING REGIONAL CONNECTIVITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

• About TAPI Pipeline

• Significance

• Challenges

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

INDIA’S CONTRIBUTION TO GLOBAL PLASTIC POLLUTION

• Findings of the Study

• Reasons for High Plastic Pollution in India

• Issues

• Government Regulations

• Initiatives to Address Plastic Pollution

• Way Forward

NATIONAL BLOCKCHAIN FRAMEWORK (NBF)

• Components of the National Blockchain Framework

• Benefits of the National Blockchain Framework

• Vishvasya-Blockchain Technology Stack: Components

• Conclusion

MAIZE-BASED ETHANOL AND INDIA’S SHIFT FROM EXPORTER TO IMPORTER

• About Maize

• Government Initiatives

• Why Has India Become a Net Maize Importer?

• How is Maize Import Impacting Local Industries?

• Global Implications of India’s Maize Import

• Steps Needed to Enhance Maize Production in India

PEACE AGREEMENT BETWEEN GOVERNMENT AND INSURGENT GROUPS IN TRIPURA

• Key Highlights of the Peace Agreement

• Significance of the Peace Pact

• Reasons for Insurgency in Northeast India, Including Tripura

• Government Initiatives

• Challenges

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

DISASTER MANAGEMENT (AMENDMENT) BILL, 2024

• Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill, 2024

• Concerns

• limitations Disaster Management Act, 2005

• Way Forward

GOVERNMENT’S EFFORTS FOR LGBTQIA+ INCLUSIVITY

• LGBTQIA+

• Supreme Court’s Directives on LGBTQIA+ Rights

• Interim Government Measures to Address LGBTQIA+ Rights

• Broader Government Initiatives for LGBTQIA+ Community

• Conclusion

DE-HYPHENATING RICE AND WHEAT PRODUCTION

• Reasons for De-hyphenating Rice and Wheat Production

• Diverging Consumption Trends

• Government Initiatives to Support Rice and Wheat Cultivation

• Recommendations for Reducing Rice-Wheat Consumption Divergence

INDIA TO INTRODUCE REPAIRABILITY INDEX FOR ELECTRONICS TO COMBAT E-WASTE CRISIS

• Highlights of the Workshop

• About Repairability Index

• What is the Right to Repair?

• Need for the Right to Repair

• Right to Repair Initiatives

• Challenges in Implementing the Right to Repair

• Way forward

INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND EUROPEAN COLONISATION

• Indigenous Peoples Affected by European Colonisation

• Current Challenges Facing Indigenous Peoples

• Way forward

AIR QUALITY LIFE INDEX (AQLI) 2024

• Key Findings of AQLI 2024

• Global Scenario

• India-Specific Findings

• Strategies to Control Air Pollution

• Government Initiatives

• Conclusion

NATURAL RUBBER SHORTAGE IN INDIA

• Causes of Natural Rubber Shortage in India

• Key Facts About Rubber

• Government Initiatives to Boost Rubber Production

• Strategies to Enhance Rubber Productio

• Conclusion

PRADHAN MANTRI JAN-DHAN YOJANA (PMJDY)

• Achievements of PMJDY

• Key Features of PMJDY

• Challenges Associated with PMJDY

• Way Forward

• Conclusion

UNIFIED PENSION SCHEME

• Key Provisions of the Unified Pension Scheme

• Comparison: UPS, OPS, and NPS

• The National Pension System (NPS)

• Fiscal Implications of UPS

• Conclusion

INDIA’S PRIME MINISTER’S VISIT TO UKRAINE

• India’s Prime Minister’s Visit to Ukraine

• Dynamics of India-Ukraine Relations

• Importance of Ukraine for India’s Defence Sector

• Challenges in India-Ukraine Relations

• Way Forward 

OVERHAUL OF THE INCOME TAX ACT, 1961

• Why is the Income Tax Act Being Reviewed?

• Income Tax Act, 1961

• Key Provisions

• Recent Reforms in the Income Tax Act

• Expected Benefits of the Overhaul

• About Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)

• Conclusion

INDIA-POLAND RELATIONS

• Elevation to Strategic Partnership

• Five-Year Action Plan (2024-2028)

• Trade and Economic Cooperation

• Climate and Technology Initiatives

• India-EU Relations

• Significance of the Visit

• Key Highlights

• Conclusion